The Greater Struggle
There is a story often told in Islamic tradition: that after a battle, the Prophet is reported to have said they were returning from the “lesser struggle” to the “greater struggle” — the struggle against the self.1 Whether or not the narration is historically strong, the psychological truth embedded in it has endured across centuries of spiritual psychology.
Outer warfare is visible.
Inner warfare is decisive.
In recovery work this distinction becomes clinically concrete.
When someone enters treatment, the visible battles are obvious: detox, court proceedings, broken relationships, damaged health, financial wreckage. These are outer theatres. They matter. They must be addressed. But they are not the decisive arena.
The decisive arena is internal governance.
Addiction can operate as a form of inner captivity. Not equivalent to historical atrocity — we must never blur that line — but structurally similar in its psychological effects. Identity narrows. Agency collapses. Repetition dominates. Shame becomes the guard tower. The person begins to experience themselves not as a whole human being, but as a number — a diagnosis, a label, a failure.
The internal system becomes carceral.
Modern thinkers have described similar dynamics. Michel Foucault wrote that “the soul is the prison of the body,”2 pointing toward the way internalised structures of power and discipline can confine a person without visible walls. Contemporary society does not always build prisons; it produces internal surveillance — self-criticism, comparison, algorithmic measurement, performance anxiety. The walls are within.
In addiction this internal prison tightens.
This is where Viktor Frankl becomes clinically relevant. In the camps he observed that those who survived were not necessarily the physically strongest. They were those who retained meaning. When everything external was stripped away, one freedom remained: the freedom to choose one’s orientation toward circumstances.3
Meaning reorganised suffering.
Logotherapy — therapy through meaning — rests on that observation. The primary human drive is not pleasure or power but meaning. Remove meaning and the organism collapses. Restore meaning and endurance becomes possible.4
This is not romanticism. It is neuropsychological realism. When future orientation collapses, physiology follows. When hope re-enters, the nervous system stabilises.
In early Twelve Step recovery, the first intervention is often hope.
Not false reassurance. Not minimisation. But reframing.
Instead of: “It’s all your fault.”
More accurately: “You have been fighting a battle with the wrong command structure.”
The Colditz metaphor sometimes helps. Prisoners repeatedly attempted escape not because they were foolish, but because captivity provoked agency. Addiction involves repeated escape attempts — through substances, behaviours, compulsions — but every tunnel leads back into the yard.
The problem is not that the person tried to survive.
The problem is that the strategy was misdirected.
A Bridge Too Far offers another lens. Overextension. Miscalculation. Underestimating resistance. Many attempt sobriety through sheer willpower — storming the bridge alone — and collapse under counterattack. It is not weakness. It is being outgunned by dysregulated neurobiology and trauma.
Step One is not humiliation. It is reconnaissance.
It recognises that the outer war cannot be won without reorganising the inner field.
Here the “greater struggle” becomes clear.
The greater struggle is not self-violence.
It is self-governance.
Not annihilating the self.
Re-ordering the self.
Step Two introduces reinforcement — the possibility that help exists beyond isolated will. Step Three transfers command. Steps Four through Seven dismantle false authority structures within the psyche. Steps Ten and Eleven stabilise daily governance.
This is not moral theatre. It is regulatory restoration.
Diction Resolution Therapy™ approaches this through language. Diction shapes perception. Perception shapes response. Response shapes outcome. When a person’s internal language is dominated by condemnation, catastrophe, and collapse, the nervous system follows. When language is re-aligned with reality, accountability, and possibility, coherence returns.
In this sense, Logotherapy and DRT intersect. Meaning is not abstract. It is spoken, framed, narrated, internalised. Hope is not sentimental. It is directional.
The greater struggle, then, is not against the world.
It is against the internalised system that says:
“You are the enemy.”
Recovery corrects that misidentification.
You are not the enemy.
The dysregulated pattern is.
You are not the prison.
You have been living inside one.
Ramadan, in its essence, is training in this inner governance. Fasting reveals impulse. Hunger surfaces agitation. Irritation exposes reactivity. The fast is not punishment. It is rehearsal for freedom. It reminds the human being that appetite is not commander.
The greater struggle is not dramatic. It is daily.
It is choosing not to collapse into resentment.
Not to feed despair.
Not to surrender to the voice that says there is no future.
It is governance at the level of attention.
And this is where Frankl’s “final freedom” meets the Twelve Steps.
You cannot always control what happens to you.
But you can influence the meaning you assign to it.
And meaning reorganises the nervous system.
The lesser struggle is circumstance.
The greater struggle is orientation.
When orientation changes, circumstance is endured differently. Sometimes even transformed.
This is not triumphalism. It is realism.
Human beings have survived camps, wars, exile, trauma, addiction, and despair — not because suffering is noble, but because meaning can metabolise suffering.
The greater struggle is not endless battle.
It is integration.
And when integration stabilises, what once felt like warfare becomes stewardship.
That is the movement from captivity to governance.
That is the greater work.
References
1 Often cited in later Islamic spiritual literature as the distinction between “lesser” and “greater” jihad; the specific narration is considered weak in classical hadith authentication, though the ethical principle of inner struggle is widely affirmed in Sufi psychology.
2 Foucault, M. (1975). Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison.
3 Frankl, V. E. (1946/2006). Man’s Search for Meaning.
4 Frankl, V. E. (1969). The Will to Meaning.
Written in HIAI collaboration — the qalam of Human and AI intelligence, the Unseen helping the Seen, both answering to the same Source.












